Pengukuran Cadangan Fungsi Ginjal Menggunakan Asupan Protein Hewani dan Protein Nabati pada Remaja Sehat Usia 13-18 Tahun di Panti Asuhan Bamadita Rahman, Lubang Buaya, Jakarta Timur
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Latar belakang. Cadangan fungsi ginjal (CFG) adalah salah satu cara mengevaluasi fungsi ginjal yang lebih akurat dibandingkan laju filtrasi glomerulus. Protein hewani sering digunakan sebagai pemicu ginjal pada uji coba CFG, sedangkan protein nabati kurang mampu memicu kerja ginjal.
Tujuan. Membandingkan nilai CFG protein hewani dan nabati pada remaja sehat usia 13-18 tahun.
Metode. Penelitian uji silang setelah pemberian terhadap 20 remaja sehat usia 13-18 tahun di Panti Asuhan Bamadita Rahman, Lubang Buaya, Jakarta Timur pada bulan mulai Februari-Maret 2007. Subjek akan mengkonsumsi protein hewani dan protein nabati dan kemudian masing-masing kelompok secara silang mengkonsumsi protein nabati dan hewani. Setelah mendapatkan asupan protein akan dipantau selama 4 jam disertai pengambilan darah pada jam ke-2, jam ke-3, dan jam ke-4.
Hasil. Rerata CFG sangat berbeda antara kelompok dengan asupan protein hewani dengan nabati (minus vs 12,48%), namun perubahan nilai CFG nabati tidak bermakna (uji Friedman). Asupan protein nabati pada remaja putra lebih memicu kerja ginjal dibandingkan protein hewani (33,18 ml/menit/1,73m2 versus 21,2%) dan diperoleh perbedaan bermakna (p<0,01) nilai CFG antara remaja putra dan putri. Penelitian ini membuktikan asupan protein nabati mampu memicu kerja ginjal saat pengukuran CFG dibandingkan dengan protein hewani yang kurang mampu memicu, namun penyebabnya hingga saat ini masih belum dapat diterangkan.
Kesimpulan. Asupan protein nabati mampu memicu kerja ginjal pada pengukuran CFG sedangkan protein hewani tidak. Rerata nilai CFG peserta pasca asupan nabati sebesar 12,3%.
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.14238/sp10.2.2008.110-6
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