Hipertensi pada Sindrom Metabolik
Sari
Obesitas merupakan masalah yang banyak dijumpai baik di negara maju maupun di negara berkembang.
Seiring dengan meningkatnya kejadian obesitas, dikenal sindrom metabolik yang terdiri dari obesitas
sentral, resistensi insulin, hipertensi, dan dislipidemia berupa kadar trigliserida yang tinggi dan kolesterol
high density lipoprotein (HDL) yang rendah. Sindrom metabolik terutama disebabkan oleh obesitas dan
resistensi insulin. Selain sebagai tempat penyimpanan energi, jaringan lemak juga menghasilkan faktor yang
menyebabkan hipertensi. Jaringan lemak dapat menguraikan angiotensin dari sistem angiotensin-renin.
Pada obesitas, terjadi resistensi insulin dan gangguan fungsi endotel pembuluh darah yang menyebabkan
vasokonstriksi dan reabsorbsi natrium di ginjal dan menyebabkan hipertensi. Penurunan berat badan
merupakan faktor penting dalam tata laksana sindrom metabolik dengan hipertensi yang dicapai dengan
diet, latihan, medikamentosa atau gabungan hal-hal tersebut. Obat antihipertensi dapat dipertimbangkan
sebagai bagian pendekatan holistik dalam tata laksana. (
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.14238/sp11.4.2009.257-63
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