Analisis Kritis Terkait Manajemen dan Luaran Pasien Anak di Unit Perawatan Intensif Anak Level Sekunder
Sari
Latar belakang. Setiap unit perawatan intensif anak (UPIA) memiliki karakteristik berbeda. Evaluasi terhadap manajemen dan luaran pasien penting untuk memperbaiki kualitas pelayanan. Data publikasi penelitian terkait UPIA umumnya dikerjakan pada level tersier.
Tujuan. Melakukan tinjauan terhadap manajemen yang diberikan kepada pasien UPIA level sekunder, dan hubungannya dengan luaran pasien.
Metode. Penelitian potong lintang retrospektif menggunakan data rekam medis pasien yang dirawat di UPIA Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Balaraja selama tahun 2022. Data yang diambil mencakup data demografis (usia, jenis kelamin, berat badan), diagnosis utama, komorbiditas, terapi selama perawatan, dan parameter laboratorium. Hasil uji statistik disajikan dalam nilai p serta interval kepercayaan 95%, besarnya hubungan dinyatakan dengan nilai Odds ratio.
Hasil. Seratus satu pasien masuk dalam penelitian. Sebagian besar berusia di bawah 1 tahun, dengan pneumonia dan infeksi sistem saraf pusat merupakan diagnosis terbanyak. Terdapat 32 pasien (31,6 %) meninggal dunia, penggunaan ventilator mekanik (OR36,75; IK95%:8,014-168,519; p<0,001) dan pemberian obat vasoaktif (OR11; IK95%:4,137-29,295; p<0,001) berhubungan bermakna dengan tingkat mortalitas.
Kesimpulan. Sebagian besar pasien adalah bayi yang didominasi dengan masalah medis akibat infeksi. Tingkat mortalitas cukup tinggi, berhubungan bermakna dengan penggunaan ventilator mekanik invasif serta obat vasoaktif.
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.14238/sp26.2.2024.109-15
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