Manfaat Pemberian ASI Eksklusif dalam Pencegahan Kejadian Dermatitis Atopi pada Anak
Sari
Latar belakang. Dermatitis atopi merupakan manifestasi penyakit alergi yang sering terjadi pada anak. Prevalens dermatitis atopi (DA) meningkat di seluruh dunia dengan awitan tersering pada usia 1 tahun pertama, cenderung relaps, dan diikuti allergic march hingga dewasa. Peran ASI dalam mencegah DA masih kontroversi. Studi mengenai hal ini belum banyak dilakukan di Indonesia.
Tujuan. Mengetahui manfaat pemberian ASI eksklusif dalam mencegah DA pada anak.
Metode. Desain kasus kontrol berpasangan dengan matching usia dan riwayat atopi keluarga
Hasil. Limapuluh empat pasang subjek kasus-kontrol berusia 7-24 bulan ikut serta dalam penelitian. Sebagian besar kelompok kasus berusia 7-12 bulan, memiliki atopi keluarga, dengan awitan tersering pada usia 6 bulan pertama, dan predileksi pada wajah. Tidak terdapat perbedaan pola dan lama menyusui pada kelompok kasus dan kontrol. Manfaat ASI dalam mencegah DA pada anak belum terbukti (RO 0,867; IK95% 0,512-2,635; p 0,851).
Kesimpulan. Penelitian ini belum dapat membuktikan manfaat pemberian ASI eksklusif untuk mencegah DA pada anak.
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.14238/sp15.6.2014.345-52
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