Pengaruh Diare dan Konstipasi Kronis Terhadap Kejadian Infeksi Saluran Kemih pada Anak di Rumah Sakit Umum dr. Zainoel Abidin Banda Aceh
Sari
Latar belakang. Infeksi saluran kemih merupakan salah satu infeksi bakteri yang paling sering terjadi pada anak. Diare dan konstipasi merupakan faktor risiko terjadinya Infeksi Saluran Kemih (ISK).
Tujuan. Untuk mengetahui hubungan antara konstipasi kronis dan diare dengan kejadian Infeksi Saluran Kemih pada anak yang dirawat di Rumah Sakit Umum dr. Zainoel Abidin Banda Aceh.
Metode. Studi observasional analitik dengan desain potong lintang. Sampel adalah pasien anak usia satu sampai lima tahun di tempat perawatan anak Rumah Sakit Umum dr. Zainoel Abidin Banda Aceh yang mengalami diare atau kontipasi. Sampel dipilih dengan menggunakan metode consecutive sampling dan yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi.
Hasil. Lima puluh enam total sampel dikumpulkan. Sebagian besar anak (12 subjek, 66,7%) pada kelompok diare berjenis kelamin laki-laki, berusia antara 1 sampai 5 tahun (6 subjek, 33,3%), dan memiliki status gizi normal (11 subjek, 61,1%). Anak pada kelompok diare terbanyak berjenis kelamin laki-laki (13 subjek, 72,2%), usia 1 sampai 5 tahun (8 subjek, 44,4%), dan dalam rentang gizi normal (subjek 11; 61,1%). Rentang usia 1 sampai 5 tahun memiliki angka kejadian ISK tertinggi, sebanyak 13 orang (39,4%), dan mayoritas subjek berjenis kelamin laki-laki 20 subjek (60,6%), 21 subjek (63,6%) berstatus gizi normal. Sebagian besar bakteri pada ISK (7 pasien, 12,1%) adalah Gram negatif. Pada penelitian ini, konstipasi dan diare tidak berhubungan dengan prevalensi ISK (masing-masing p=0,114 dan 0,065).
Kesimpulan. Pada penelitian ini menemukan bahwa diare dan konstipasi tidak berhubungan signifikan secara statistik terhadap kejadian ISK. Etiologi ISK tersering pada penelitian ini adalah Gram negatif.
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.14238/sp26.5.2025.277-83
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