Faktor yang Memengaruhi Tumbuh Kejar Anak Pascaoperasi Koreksi Defek Septum Ventrikel
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Latar belakang. Penyakit jantung bawaan (PJB) merupakan penyebab utama gagal tumbuh. Gangguan hemodinamik akibat defek septum ventrikel (DSV) memberikan gejala yang menggambarkan derajat kelainan jantung. Operasi koreksi memperbaiki gangguan hemodinamik dan pertumbuhan. Penelitian sebelumnya melaporkan bahwa perbaikan pertumbuhan setelah operasi DSV bersifat multifaktorial.
Tujuan. Untuk mengetahui faktor yang memengaruhi tumbuh kejar anak pascaoperasi koreksi DSV.
Metode. Penelitian kohort retrospektif pada 59 anak paska 6 bulan operasi koreksi DSV. Data mengenai jenis kelamin, ukuran defek, derajat hipertensi pulmonal, usia saat operasi, dan derajat gagal jantung dicatat. Data dianalisis menggunakan SPSS versi 26.
Hasil. Total sebanyak 59 data anak pascaoperasi koreksi DSV telah diperoleh dan 40 anak (67,8%) mencapai tumbuh kejar. Analisis bivariat menunjukkan bahwa ukuran defek, usia saat operasi, dan status gizi sebelum operasi memengaruhi tumbuh kejar paska operasi. Hasil tersebut dilanjutkan dengan analisis multivariat. Usia saat operasi merupakan faktor yang paling memengaruhi tumbuh kejar pascaoperasi DSV (p=0,038; RR 0,175; IK95%: 0,63-0,87). Nilai probabilitas anak usia 1-5 tahun untuk mencapai tumbuh kejar sebesar 0,204 (RR 1,09).
Kesimpulan. Ukuran defek, status gizi sebelum operasi, dan usia saat operasi memengaruhi tumbuh kejar pascaoperasi DSV. Usia saat operasi merupakan faktor yang paling memengaruhi tumbuh kejar pascaoperasi koreksi DSV.
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.14238/sp24.6.2023.407-13
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