Luaran Jangka Panjang Transplantasi Ginjal pada Anak

Eka Laksmi Hidayati

Sari


Transplantasi ginjal merupakan pilihan utama terapi pengganti ginjal pada pasien dengan penyakit ginjal kronik stadium 5. Beberapa faktor pada periode pratransplantasi, perioperatif, dan pascatransplantasi ikut memengaruhi luaran jangka panjang pada pasien anak yang menjalani transplantasi ginjal. Faktor-faktor pratransplantasi yang memengaruhi, antara lain, etiologi dasar penyakit ginjal kronik, kondisi fisis sebelum transplantasi, status urodinamik, jenis donor, usia resipien, serta kesesuaian HLA antara resipien dan donor. Teknik pembedahan, kecukupan perfusi darah, dan cold ischemia time selama operasi berperan penting dalam keberhasilan transplantasi. Setelah menjalani prosedur transplantasi, penggunaan obat-obatan imunosupresan jangka panjang secara optimal merupakan kunci keberhasilan transplantasi. Pemantauan secara ketat terhadap kepatuhan terapi, reaksi penolakan organ, infeksi, keganasan, kelainan metabolik, dan gangguan kardiovaskular, dibutuhkan untuk memastikan keberhasilan transplantasi dan mendeteksi adanya komplikasi terkait prosedur transplantasi.


Kata Kunci


luaran jangka panjang; transplantasi ginjal; anak

Teks Lengkap:

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Referensi


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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.14238/sp23.5.2022.346-52

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