Hubungan Asupan Nutrisi dengan Kadar Vitamin D pada Tuberkulosis Anak

Roza Erisma, Gustina Lubis, Finny Fitry Yani

Sari


Latar belakang. Vitamin D dapat meningkatkan aktivitas antimikrobial makrofag terhadap Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Defisiensi vitamin D diindikasikan sebagai salah satu faktor risiko penyakit tuberkulosis (TB). Kekurangan asupan nutrisi yang mengandung vitamin D dapat memengaruhi kadar vitamin D dalam darah sehingga akan memengaruhi imunitas terhadap infeksi TB. 

Tujuan. Mengetahui hubungan asupan nutrisi yang mengandung vitamin D dengan kadar vitamin D darah pada anak yang terinfeksi TB. 

Metode. Penelitian cross sectional pada bulan Oktober 2014 sampai Maret 2015 di Poliklinik Anak RS Dr M Djamil dan Puskesmas kota Padang. Subyek penelitian anak usia 1-14 tahun yang kontak serumah dengan TB dewasa BTA positif, dengan hasil tuberculin skin test positif. Asupan vitamin D diperoleh melalui food recall 2x24 jam dengan standar normal > 600 International Unit menurut Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) dan diolah menggunakan program Nutri-Survey Indonesia. Kadar vitamin D darah berupa 25(OH)D diukur dengan metode Cheluminescent Immunoassay, kategori nilai normal >30-50 ng/mL, insufisiensi >10-30 ng/mL, dan defisiensi <10 ng/mL. 

Hasil. Total subjek penelitian 57 anak. Asupan vitamin D di bawah RDA 54 (94,7%), 45 (83,3%) di antaranya mengalami insufisiensi vitamin D dan 9 (16,7%) memiliki kadar vitamin D cukup. Anak dengan asupan vitamin D sesuai RDA 3 (5,3%), tetapi hanya 1 (33,3%) di antaranya memiliki kadar vitamin D darah normal (p=0,446). 

Kesimpulan. Sebagian besar anak yang terinfeksi TB mengalami insufisiensi vitamin D meskipun secara statistik tidak memiliki hubungan yang bermakna dengan asupan nutrisi.


Kata Kunci


asupan nutrisi; kadar vitamin D; infeksi tuberkulosis

Teks Lengkap:

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Referensi


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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.14238/sp18.1.2016.40-44

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