Purpura Trombositopenik Idiopatika pada Anak (patofisiologi, tata laksana serta kontroversinya)

Bagus Setyoboedi, IDG Ugrasena

Sari


Purpura trombositopenik idiopatika (ITP) merupakan kelainan perdarahan didapat pada
anak yang paling sering dijumpai, ITP merupakan kelainan otoimun yang menyebabkan
munculnya suatu autoantibodi terhadap trombosit. Diagnosis ITP ditegakkan dengan
menyingkirkan kemungkinan penyebab trombositopenia yang lain. Pemeriksaan aspirasi
sumsum tulang tidak rutin dilakukan pada ITP, hanya untuk kasus yang meragukan.
Pada anak umumnya ITP bersifat akut dan dapat sembuh spontan dalam waktu kurang
dari 6 bulan. Tata laksana ITP khususnya ITP akut pada anak masih kontroversial.
Pengobatan umumnya dilakukan hanya untuk meningkatkan jumlah trombosit, namun
tidak menghilangkan risiko terjadinya perdarahan intrakranial dan perjalanan menjadi
ITP kronis. Pengobatan juga potensial menimbulkan efek samping yang cukup serius.
Perlu dilakukan suatu studi prospektif acak yang meneliti manfaat secara klinis berbagai
pengobatan ITP pada anak. Pemahaman yang tepat tentang perjalanan alamiah ITP
kronis pada anak sangat bermanfaat bagi suatu pengobatan yang rasional.


Kata Kunci


purpura trombositopenik idiopatika akut dan kronik

Teks Lengkap:

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Referensi


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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.14238/sp6.1.2004.16-22

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