Penggunaan Kortikosteroid Intranasal Dalam Tata Laksana Rinitis Alergi pada Anak
Sari
Akhir-akhir ini terdapat peningkatan prevalensi kasus rinitis alergi pada anak. Penyakit
ini tidak hanya mengganggu kesehatan fisik dan psikososial, kualitas hidup, kapasitas
belajar dan bekerja anak, tetapi juga berperan terhadap timbulnya penyakit lain seperti
asma, sinusitis, dan otitis media. Tata laksana rinitis alergi meliputi pengendalian
lingkungan untuk menghindari alergen, pemberian obat-obatan seperti antihistamin,
dekongestan, dan kortikosteroid, serta imunoterapi. Pemberian kortikosteroid intranasal
merupakan indikasi bagi penderita rinitis alergi intermiten sedang-berat dan rinitis alergi
persisten. Efek anti inflamasi dari obat ini diperantarai oleh pengaturan ekspresi gen
target spesifik. Kortikosteroid intranasal sangat efektif dalam menghilangkan gejala rinitis
alergi. Obat ini dapat diberikan dalam bentuk semprot aqua dan inhaler dengan dosis
terukur. Pemberian obat ini jarang menimbulkan efek samping sistemik, namun jika
diberikan bersamaan dengan kortikosteroid topikal lainnya, harus dilakukan titrasi sampai
dosis paling rendah yang dapat mengontrol penyakit.
Kata Kunci
Teks Lengkap:
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.14238/sp8.1.2006.54-9
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