Epidemiologi Tuberkulosis
Sari
Tuberkulosis (TB) masih merupakan penyebab utama morbiditas dan mortalitas pada anak di dunia, namun
kurang mendapat prioritas dalam penanggulangannya. Data surveilans dan epidemiologi TB pada anak jarang
didapat. Hal ini disebabkan berbagai faktor antara lain sulitnya diagnosis TB anak, meningkatnya TB ekstra
paru pada anak, tidak adanya standar baku definisi kasus, dan prioritas yang kurang diberikan pada TB anak
di banding TB dewasa. Berbagai penelitian menunjukkan prevalensi TB anak tinggi, namun umumnya tanpa
konfirmasi pemeriksaan bakteri tahan asam (BTA) positif. Salah satu indikator untuk menilai situasi TB di
komunitas adalah dengan Annual Risk of Tuberculosis Infection (ARTI), adalah indeks epidemiologi yang
dipakai untuk evaluasi dan monitor keadaan tuberkulosis di suatu komunitas atau negara. Perbedaan angka
morbiditas dan mortalitas TB di berbagai negara dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor risiko, dibedakan antara
risiko infeksi TB dan sakit TB.
Kata Kunci
Teks Lengkap:
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.14238/sp11.2.2009.124-9
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