Pola Kuman Penyebab Ventilator Associated Pneumonia(VAP) dan Sensitivitas Terhadap Antibiotik di RSAB Harapan Kita
Sari
Latar belakang. Peningkatan resistensi antibiotik di antara bakteri penyebab pneumonia nosokomial yang
didapat di rumah sakit telah banyak dilaporkan. Jika kita tidak mengenal pola kepekaan kuman di suatu
rumah sakit akan menyulitkan pemberian terapi empiris awal.
Tujuan. Mengetahui profil kuman penyebab pneumonia yang didapat di rumah sakit pada anak serta uji
sensitivitas terhadap beberapa antibiotik.
Metode. Studi deskriptif retrospektif dengan sumber data yang berasal dari rekam medis Laboratorium
Mikrobiologi RSAB Harapan Kita periode Januari hingga Juni 2010. Spesimen adalah semua spesimen
saluran respiratorik dari pasien dengan diagnosis pneumonia yang dirawat. Biakan dan uji resistensi dilakukan
menurut standar National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards(NCCLS).
Hasil. Didapatkan 116 spesimen biakan dan di antaranya 4 (3,4%) steril. Dari 112 biakan positif, 79.5%
di antaranya adalah bakteri gram negatif berturut-turut dari yang paling dominan adalah Pseudomonas
sp.(22,4%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa(18,1%), Stenotrophomonas maltophilia(9.5%), Serratia marcescens
(8,6%),Enterobacter aerogenes(7,8%), Klebsiella pneumonia, Bacillus sp., dan Escherichia coli(masing-masing
5,2%). Golongan Pseudomonasmemiliki sensitivitas terhadap ceftazidime, amikacin serta netilmicin.
Kesimpulan. Basil gram negatif aerob (79,5%) merupakan mikroorganisme penyebab yang paling dominan.
Ceftazidime, diikuti terhadap amikacin serta netilmicin masih mempunyai sensitivitas yang tinggi sehingga
dapat dipakai sebagai terapi awal VAP.
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.14238/sp13.6.2012.384-90
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