Faktor Risiko Timbulnya Inhibitor Faktor VIII pada Anak dengan Hemofilia A
Sari
Latar belakang. Proses timbulnya inhibitor bersifat multifaktorial, baik genetik maupun lingkungan.
Beberapa studi telah dilakukan untuk mengetahui faktor risiko terbentuknya inhibitor, namun masih terdapat
pendapat yang kontroversial. Di Indonesia, skrining inhibitor tidak rutin dilakukan karena keterbatasan biaya
dan alat, sehingga diperlukan suatu penelitian yang dapat dijadikan acuan pemeriksaan inhibitor selektif.
Tujuan. Mengetahui prevalensi , karakteristik klinis, dan faktor risiko timbulnya inhibitor pada anak dengan
hemofilia A di Departemen IKA- RSCM.
Metode. Uji potong lintang dilakukan pada anak usia ≤18 tahun di Pusat Hemofilia Terpadu IKA-RSCM. Analisis
bivariat dilakukan dengan uji Fisher. Analisis multivariat tidak dilakukan karena tidak memenuhi syarat.
Hasil. Empatpuluh subjek penelitian, didapatkan prevalensi inhibitor 37,5% (15/40). Rentang usia subjek
10 (1,5-18) tahun, usia saat diagnosis hemofilia pertama kali ditegakkan 8 bulan, dan saat pertama kali
mendapat terapi faktor VIII pada inhibitor positif 9 bulan. Hampir seluruh subjek (39/40) mendapat terapi
konsentrat plasma, 11/15 subjek dengan inhibitor positif mendapat terapi pertama kali sebelum berusia 1
tahun, 14/15 subjek merupakan hemofilia berat, sebagian besar (12/15) mendapat manifestasi perdarahan
sendi. Suku bangsa ibu, Jawa, lebih sering ditemukan pada inhibitor positif (8/15). Tidak ditemukan hasil
yang bermakna secara statistik antara faktor risiko dengan timbulnya inhibitor.
Kesimpulan. Prevalensi inhibitor 37,5%, inhibitor positif lebih sering ditemukan pada pasien hemofilia berat
yang mendapat terapi pertama kali sebelum berusia 1 tahun. Penelitian kami tidak berhasil membuktikan faktor
risiko bermakna untuk timbulnya inhibitor pada anak dengan hemofilia A.
Kata Kunci
Teks Lengkap:
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.14238/sp14.5.2013.320-5
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