Terapi Leukemia Mieloblastik Akut Anak: ProtokolAra-C, Doxorubycinedan Etoposide $'(YV0RGLÀNDVLNordic Society of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology(m-NOPHO)
Sari
Latar belakang. Pengobatan leukemia mieloblastik akut (LMA) telah banyak mengalami kemajuan. Di
negara maju, keberhasilan pengobatan sudah mencapai 65%, sementara di Indonesia diperkirakan masih
di bawah 10%.
Tujuan.Mengetahui profil LMA mengevaluasi keberhasilan pengobatan.
Metode.Dilakukan analisis terhadap catatan medis pasien LMA yang dirawat di bangsal anak Rumah
Sakit Sardjito Jogjakarta pada tahun 1999-2011. Diagnosis ditetapkan berdasarkan analisis morfologi dan
sitokimia terhadap apus sumsum tulang dan atau darah tepi. Analisis survivaldilakukan terhadap pasien
yang diberi pengobatan dengan protokol ADE atau m-NOPHO.
Hasil.didapatkan 210 pasien berumur 0–17 tahun yang didiagnosis LMA. Enampuluh delapan mendapat
kemoterapi, 46 (32%) dengan protokol ADE, 91 (64%) dengan protokol m-NOPHO, dan 5 (4%) pasien
diobati dengan protokol lain. Event Free Survival (EFS)setelah lima tahun pada pasien yang mendapat
kemoterapi adalah 2,4%, pasien sesudah 4 tahun dengan protokol m-NOPHO (3,7% ± 2,3%), sedangkan
semua pasien yang menggunakan protokol ADE meninggal sebelum 1,5 tahun pengamatan (p=0,005).
Kesimpulan.Tingkat keberhasilan pengobatan LMA di RS Dr. Sardjito masih sangat rendah. Pengobatan
dengan protokol m-NOPHO mempunyai tingkat keberhasilan yang lebih baik dibandingkan protokol
ADE.
Kata Kunci
Teks Lengkap:
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.14238/sp14.6.2013.345-50
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