Faktor Risiko Kematian Neonatus dengan Penyakit Membran Hialin
Sari
Latar belakang.Angka kematian bayi (AKB) menurut Survei Demografi dan Kesehatan Indonesia (SDKI)
pada tahun 2002-2003 adalah 35 per 1000 kelahiran hidup. Dua pertiga kematian bayi merupakan kematian
neonatal dan disebabkan terutama oleh persalinan prematur. Penyakit membran hialin (PMH) merupakan
penyebab terbanyak dari angka kesakitan dan kematian pada bayi prematur.
Tujuan.Mengetahui faktor-faktor risiko yang memengaruhi kematian pasien PMH yang dirawat di Instalasi
Maternal Perinatal RSUP Dr. Sardjito.
Metode. Rancangan penelitian yang digunakan adalah kasus-kontrol berdasarkan data sekunder dari data
dasar neonatus dan catatan medik pasien bayi baru lahir yang dirawat dan didiagnosis PMH di RSUP
Dr.Sardjito, Yogyakarta selama tahun 2007 – 2011.
Hasil. Proporsi kematian neonatus dengan penyakit membran hialin di RSUP Dr. Sardjito selama 2007
– Oktober 2011 adalah 52%. Faktor risiko kematian neonatus dengan penyakit membran hialin yang
bermakna secara statistik adalah asfiksia dengan OR 4,97 (IK 95% 2,39-10,28). Analisis dengan metode
regresi logistik menunjukkan bahwa asfiksia merupakan faktor risiko independen kematian neonatus dengan
penyakit membran hialin (aOR 5,15, IK 95% 2,43-10,91).
Kesimpulan.Asfiksia merupakan faktor risiko independen kematian neonatus dengan penyakit membran
hialin. Penanganan asfiksia dengan resusitasi yang tepat diperlukan untuk menurunkan risiko kematian
neonatus dengan penyakit membran hialin. S
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