Prevalensi Bising Inosen dan Proporsi Karditis Subklinis pada Anak Usia 6-12 Tahun

Anisa Rahmadhany, Kamilia Rifani Ufairah

Sari


Latar belakang. Penyakit jantung rematik merupakan komplikasi dari demam rematik akut. Pada tahap awal penyakit, pasien mungkin tidak menunjukkan keluhan klinis, tetapi kelainan jantung dapat terdeteksi melalui pemeriksaan ekokardiografi. Pemeriksaan klinis menjadi sangat penting untuk mendukung diagnosis dini penyakit jantung rematik, khususnya dalam mendeteksi bising jantung melalui auskultasi.
Tujuan. Mengetahui prevalensi bising jantung inosen dan proporsi karditis subklinis pada anak usia 6-12 tahun.
Metode. Penelitian potong lintang dilakukan terhadap 201 subyek anak usia 6-12 tahun di Sekolah Dasar. Subyek menjalani pemeriksaan fisik, laboratorium, dan ekokardiografi. Penilaian dan interpretasi ekokardiografi dilakukan oleh dokter kardiologi anak.
Hasil. Terdapat 16 subyek yang memiliki bising jantung, tetapi hasil ekokardiografi menunjukkan kondisi normal. Proporsi murmur inosen adalah 7,9%. Karditis subklinis ditemukan pada 1 subyek dengan proporsi 0,5%. Terdapat korelasi signifikan antara murmur dan parameter ekokardiografi dengan nilai P < 0,001.
Kesimpulan. Proporsi murmur inosen dan karditis subklinis masing-masing adalah 7,9% dan 0,5%. Selain itu, bising jantung memiliki makna yang signifikan dalam kaitannya dengan hasil ekokardiografi.


Kata Kunci


murmur; inosen; karditis; subklinis, ekokardiografi, anak

Teks Lengkap:

PDF

Referensi


Iyer V, Sagar V, Toor D, Lyngdoh V, Nongrum G, Kapoor M, dkk. Group A streptococcus infections: Their mechanisms, epidemiology, and current scope of vaccines. Cureus 2022;14:e33146.

Kurt-Azap O. Invasive group A beta-hemolytic streptococcal (iGAS) infections: is there a public health threat? Infect Dis Clin Microbiol 2023;5:63–5.

Arvind B, Ramakrishnan S. Rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart disease in children. Indian J Pediatr 2020;87:305–11.

Carapetis J, Steer A, Mulholland E, Weber M. The global burden of group a streptococcal diseases. Lancet Infect Dis 2005;5:685–92.

Fabi M, Calicchia M, Miniaci A, Balducci A, Tronconi E, Bonetti S, dkk. Carditis in acute rheumatic fever in a high-income and moderate-risk country. J Pediatr 2019;215:187–91.

Marijon E, Mirabel M, Celermajer DS, Jouven X. Rheumatic heart disease. Lancet. 2012;379:953–64.

Marangou J, Okello E, Rwebembera J, Raltson K, Mwita J, Sable C, dkk. The echocardiographic diagnosis of rheumatic heart disease: A review of the performance of the world heart federation criteria 2012–2023. Glob Heart 2024;19:47.

Jahn L, Kramann R, Marx N, Floege J, Becker M, Schlieper G. Speckle tracking echocardiography and all-cause and cardiovascular mortality risk in chronic kidney disease patients. Kidney Blood Press Res 2019;44:690–703.

Kumar RK, Antunes MJ, Beaton A, Mirabel M, Nkomo VT, Okello E, dkk. Contemporary diagnosis and management of rheumatic heart disease: implications for closing the gap a scientific statement from the American Heart Association. Circulation 2020;142:E337–57.

Gewitz MH, Baltimore RS, Tani LY, Sable CA, Shulman ST, Carapetis J, dkk. Revision of the Jones criteria for the diagnosis of acute rheumatic fever in the era of Doppler echocardiography a scientific statement from the American heart association. Circulation 2015;131:1806–18.

Condemi F, Rossi G, Lupiz M, Pagano A, Zamatto F, Marini S, dkk. Screening of asymptomatic rheumatic heart disease among refugee/migrant children and youths in Italy. Pediatr Rheumatol 2019;17:1–9.

Martin JM, Green M, Barbadora KA, Wald ER. Group a streptococci among school-aged children: clinical characteristics and the carrier state. Pediatrics 2004;114:1212–9.

Badan pusat stastistik. Perempuan dan laki-laki di Indonesia 2018. Jakarta: Badan Pusat Statistik; 2018.h1–44.

Aini F, Djamal A, Usman E. Identifikasi carrier bakteri streptococcus ? hemolyticus group A pada murid SD Negeri 13 Padang berdasarkan perbedaan umur dan jenis kelamin. J Kesehat Andalas 2016;5:145–8.

Barsenga S, Mitiku H, Tesfa T, Shume T. Throat carriage rate, associated factors, and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of group A Streptococcus among healthy school children in Jigjiga City, Eastern Ethiopia. BMC Pediatr 2022;22:1–8.

Nayiga I, Okello E, Lwabi P, Ndeezi G. Prevalence of group a streptococcus pharyngeal carriage and clinical manifestations in school children aged 5-15 yrs in Wakiso District, Uganda. BMC Infect Dis 2017;17:1–8.

Uner A, Do?an M, Bay A, Cakin C, Kaya A, Sal E. The ratio of congenital heart disease and innocent murmur in children in Van city, the Eastern Turkey. Anadolu Kardiyol Derg 2009;9:29–34.

Ali S, Mohammed M. Evaluation of heart murmurs in children: one year of observational study. Gaz Egypt Paediatr Assoc 2015;63:6–11.

Al Halak R, Alsoufi M. Epidemiology of and factors associated with innocent heart murmurs in children between 2 months and 18 years: a cross sectional study (2017-2018), specialist children hospital, dubai. EC Paediatr 2020;9:1–10.

Biancaniello T. Innocent murmurs. Circulation 2005;111:20–2.

Lefort B, Cheyssac E, Soulé N, Poinsot J, Vaillant MC, Nassimi A, dkk. Auscultation while standing: A basic and reliable method to rule out a pathologic heart murmur in children. Ann Fam Med 2017;15:523–8.

Sackey A. Prevalence and diagnostic accuracy of heart disease in children with asymptomatic murmurs. Cardiol Young 2016;26:446–50.

Mirabel M, Fauchier T, Bacquelin R, Tafflet M, Germain A, Robillard C, dkk. Echocardiography screening to detect rheumatic heart disease: A cohort study of schoolchildren in French Pacific Islands. Int J Cardiol 2015;188:89–95.

Sahin M, Yildirim I, Ozkutlu S, Alehan D, Ozer S, Karagoz T. Clinical features and mid- and long-term outcomes of pediatric patients with subclinical carditis. Turk J Pediatr 2012;54:486–92.




DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.14238/sp26.4.2024.197-201

Refbacks

  • Saat ini tidak ada refbacks.


##submission.copyrightStatement##

##submission.license.cc.by-nc-sa4.footer##

Informasi Editorial:
Badan Penerbit Ikatan Dokter Anak Indonesia
Jl. Salemba I No 5, Jakarta 10430, Indonesia
Phone/Fax: +62-21-3912577
Email: editorial [at] saripediatri.org

Lisensi Creative Commons
Sari Pediatri diterbitkan oleh Badan Penerbit Ikatan Dokter Anak Indonesia
Ciptaan disebarluaskan di bawah Lisensi Creative Commons Atribusi-NonKomersial-BerbagiSerupa 4.0 Internasional.