Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Terjadinya Infeksi Clostridium Difficile pada Penderita Diare akibat Antibiotik
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Latar belakang. Pemakaian antibiotik yang tidak rasional dapat menyebabkan Clostridium Difficile Associated Diarrhea (CDAD).
Tujuan. Mengetahui proporsi CDAD, faktor yang berhubungan, dan antibiotik yang paling banyak menimbulkan CDAD.
Metode. Penelitian potong lintang terhadap anak yang mendapat antibiotik pada bulan Maret-September 2013. Clostridium Difficile Associated Diarrhea adalah ditemukannya gen tcdB C. difficile dari pemeriksaan PCR. Faktor risiko adalah umur, status gizi, jumlah, dosis, cara dan lama mendapat antibiotik. Analisis dilakukan secara bivariat dan multivariat.
Hasil. Terdapat 82 orang anak dengan proporsi CDAD 39%. Persentasenya lebih tinggi pada usia 1 bulan-5 tahun, mendapat lebih dari 1 jenis antibiotik, dosis biasa, pemberian oral dan mendapat antibiotik kurang dari 7 hari dengan nilai p >0,05. Persentase CDAD hampir sama pada anak gizi baik dan gizi kurang. Persentase CDAD tertinggi didapatkan pada anak yang mendapat amoksisilin oral.
Kesimpulan. Proporsi CDAD cukup tinggi. Usia muda, jumlah antibiotik, pemberian dosis biasa secara oral dan waktu pemberian yang singkat menunjukkan kecenderungan menderita CDAD lebih besar, walaupun secara statistik tidak bermakna.Usia merupakan faktor paling dominan. Persentase CDAD tertinggi pada anak yang mendapat amoksisilin oral.
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.14238/sp15.6.2014.408-14
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