Efektivitas Prototipe Gim Berbasis Komputer Indonesia terhadap Peningkatan Fungsi Eksekutif Anak Sekolah Dasar
Sari
Latar belakang. Fungsi eksekutif adalah kemampuan kognitif untuk melakukan tugas-tugas eksekutif kompleks dalam mencapai tujuan. Gangguan fungsi eksekutif anak sekolah dasar (SD) dapat menyebabkan masalah serius seperti hambatan dalam perilaku sehari-hari, penurunan performa akademik, dan kesulitan mengenali tanda-tanda sosial. Intervensi terhadap fungsi eksekutif merupakan hal yang penting dan belakangan banyak dilakukan melalui gim berbasis komputer.
Tujuan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menilai efektivitas intervensi prototipe gim berbasis komputer Indonesia terhadap peningkatan fungsi eksekutif anak SD.
Metode. Dilakukan penelitian kuasi-eksperimental desain time series. Subjek dinilai dengan BRIEF-BI format guru, 4 kali terbagi atas pre-, post-5 sesi, post-10 sesi, dan 1 bulan pascaintervensi. Dilakukan analisis statistik: uji non-parametrik Friedman dilanjutkan post hoc-Bonferroni. Subjek penelitian berjumlah 14 orang anak SD berusia 11-12 tahun.
Hasil. Ditemukan peningkatan di seluruh fungsi eksekutif. Skor GEC berubah bermakna setelah intervensi (p<0,001); Skala: inhibisi (p<0,001), adaptasi (p<0,001), kontrol emosional (p=0,003), inisiasi (p<0,001), memori kerja (p<0,001), perencanaan (p<0,001), pengorganisasian material (p<0,001), dan monitor (p<0,001). Peningkatan terjadi setelah 10 sesi intervensi dan bertahan hingga satu bulan pascaintervensi.
Kesimpulan. Pelatihan dengan intervensi Prototipe Gim Berbasis Komputer Indonesia meningkatkan fungsi eksekutif anak SD pada seluruh ranah fungsi eksekutif yang dinilai dengan BRIEF-BI format guru dan masih bertahan hingga satu bulan pascapelatihan.
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.14238/sp24.5.2023.333-40
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