Pendekatan Tata Laksana Regurgitasi dan Gastro-esophageal Reflux
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Regurgitasi seringkali menyebabkan keadaan tidak nyaman pada bayi dan orangtua. Pendekatan diagnosis dan terapi yang rasional diperlukan agar kualitas hidup bayi dan ibu tetap terjaga. Kriteria diagnosis regurgitasi berdasarkan Kriteria Rome IV. Deteksi alarm sign menjadi bagian pendekatan diagnosis regurgitasi atau gastroesophageal reflux (GER). Alarm signs dapat dibagi menjadi dua kelompok, yaitu (1) kemungkinan GER Diseases (GERD) dan kelainan anatomi atau (2) kemungkinan alergi protein susu sapi. Bayi menangis berkepanjangan, iritabel, dan rewel tidak dapat dipakai sebagai gejala satu-satunya untuk menegakkan diagnosis GERD. Beberapa pendekatan terapi direkomendasikan saat ini, yaitu (1) parental reassurance, (2) teknik pemberian minum, (3) thickening milk, (4) alternatif susu formula, (5) posisi bayi, dan (6) tidak memberikan obat. Pemberian small frequent feeding mungkin akan mengurangi frekuensi regurgitasi, tetapi juga akan meningkatkan frekuensi GER. Proton pump inhibitor (PPI) bukan prokinetik sehingga pemberian pada bayi yang mengalami regurgitasi adalah sikap yang tidak rasional. Bayi dengan regurgitasi disertai menangis berkepanjangan tidak dapat dipakai sebagai dasar untuk memberikan terapi PPI empiris.
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.14238/sp24.1.2022.62-8
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