Faktor Risiko Terhadap Kejadian Gangguan Koagulasi pada Neonatus
Sari
Latar belakang. Perdarahan pada neonatus merupakan 10% penyebab kematian di NICU. Deteksi awal perdarahan sering terlambat sebab tidak semua neonatus dengan pemanjangan faktor koagulasi bermanifestasi perdarahan. Diperlukan tindakan deteksi dini pada neonatus dengan faktor risiko penyakit perdarahan (skrining prothrombin time (PT) dan partial thromboplastin time with kaolin (PTTK)).
Tujuan. Meneliti faktor maternal dan neonatal terhadap gangguan koagulasi pada neonatus.
Metode. Studi kasus kontrol dengan 45 subjek pada kelompok kasus dengan pemanjangan studi koagulasi (PT dan PTTK) dan 45 subjek pada kelompok kontrol dengan studi koagulasi normal di RSUP Dr. Kariadi Semarang dan RS Telogorejo (Semarang Medical Centre) antara tahun 2016-2017. Faktor risiko didapat dari anamnesis dan data rekam medik. Analisis data menggunakan chi square lanjut analisis multivariat regresi logistik ganda (Backward Wald).
Hasil. Preeklampsia (RO 4,26; p=0,018) dan Kecil Masa Kehamilan (KMK) (RO 4,52; p=0,042) adalah faktor risiko signifikan terhadap pemanjangan PT dan PTTK neonatus. Faktor risiko maternal dan neonatal lain yaitu korioamnionitis, obat dikonsumsi ibu (antikoagulan /antikonvulsan), Bayi Kurang Bulan, asfiksia, sepsis, penyakit hati tidak terbukti sebagai faktor risiko pemanjangan PT dan PTTK.
Kesimpulan. Preeklampsia dan KMK merupakan faktor risiko signifikan secara statistik terhadap pemanjangan PT dan PTTK pada neonatus. Preeklampsia adalah faktor risiko paling kuat berpengaruh terhadap pemanjangan PT dan PTTK pada neonatus.
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.14238/sp23.3.2021.164-70
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