Pengaruh Pola Asuh terhadap Perilaku Makan Anak Usia 4-6 Tahun
Sari
Latar belakang. Perilaku makan yang terbentuk saat dewasa diawali oleh perilaku makan di usia anak-anak. Faktor lingkungan terdekat yang berpengaruh pada perilaku makan adalah keluarga diantaranya pola asuh orangtua. Beberapa penelitian menyebutkan terdapat hubungan pola makan remaja dengan pola asuh orangtua.
Tujuan. Menganalisis hubungan pola asuh terhadap perilaku makan anak usia 4-6 tahun.
Metode. Penelitian dengan desain cross-sectional, dilaksanakan di beberapa TK di Semarang dengan subyek orangtua dan anak usia 4-6 tahun yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Pemilihan subyek dilakukan dengan teknik consecutive sampling dengan besar sampel sebanyak 153 subyek. Data perilaku makan diperoleh melalui Children Eating Behaviour Questionnaire (CEBQ), sedangkan data pola asuh melalui kuesioner pola asuh. Analisis data menggunakan uji koefisien kontingensi.
Hasil. Sebanyak 125 (82,4%) anak mendapatkan pola asuh demokratis, 18 (11,1%) pola asuh otoriter dan 10 (6,5%) permisif, 72,5% di antaranya adalah penyuka makanan dan 27,5% penghindar makanan. Terdapat korelasi sangat lemah pola asuh demokratis terhadap terhadap perilaku makan (r=0,197;p=0,013). Terdapat korelasi sangat lemah pola asuh permisif terhadap terhadap perilaku makan (r=0,189;p=0,017).Tidak didapatkan korelasi yang bermakna antara pola asuh otoriter terhadap perilaku makan.
Kesimpulan. Penelitian ini memberikan informasi dengan menunjukkan adanya pengaruh pola asuh demokratis dan permisif terhadap perilaku anak, tetapi tidak ada korelasi pada pola asuh otoriter.
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.14238/sp23.3.2021.150-7
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