Pengaruh Asupan Nutrisi pada Bayi Prematur dengan Pertumbuhan Ekstrauteri Terhambat di Rumah Sakit Anak Bunda Harapan Kita
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Latar belakang. Tantangan tatalaksana bayi prematur adalah terjadinya pertumbuhan ekstra uteri terhambat karena kecukupan nutrisi tidak sesuai dengan kebutuhan pertumbuhannya.
Tujuan. Mengetahui distribusi terjadinya PEUT menurut asupan jenis nutrisinya.
Metode. Penelitian deskriptif retrospektif dari rekam medik bayi prematur dirawat di Rumah Sakit Anak Bunda Harapan Kita pada Juli 2018 – Juli 2019.
Hasil. Penelitian ini melibatkan 128 bayi prematur. Jenis asupan nutrisi yang diterima adalah ASI, ASI dengan fortifikasi human milk fortifier, ASI dengan susu formula prematur dan susu formula prematur saja. Bayi prematur yang mengalami PEUT berjumlah 55 (43%). Risiko terjadinya PEUT 1,08 dan 1,78 berturut-turut pada ASI dibandingkan dengan susu formula serta ASI dibandingkan dengan ASI ditambah HMF. Percepatan pertumbuhan tertinggi pada kelompok PEUT yang mendapat ASI dengan fortifikasi HMF (14 gram/kgBB/hari), terendah pada kelompok susu formula prematur (4,6 gram/kgBB/hari). Percepatan kenaikan berat badan hampir sama pada semua bayi prematur dalam kelompok pertumbuhan normal (11,5 – 13,7 gram/kgBB/hari).
Kesimpulan. Air susu ibu adalah pilihan terbaik dalam pemberian introduksi nutrisi enteral pada periode kritis perawatan bayi prematur. Jenis nutrisi enteral pada periode pertumbuhan disesuaikan dengan kecukupan kebutuhan masing-masing bayi prematur.
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.14238/sp22.3.2020.169-75
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