Hubungan Asupan Kalori Total dan Makronutrien dengan Derajat Obesitas pada Remaja Obesitas Usia 14-18 Tahun di Jakarta
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Latar belakang. Asupan kalori yang tinggi, terutama makronutrien, diduga merupakan salah satu etiologi obesitas. Penelitian pada remaja mengenai hal tersebut masih sangat jarang.
Tujuan. Mengetahui hubungan antara asupan total kalori dan jenis makronutrien, terhadap IMT remaja obesitas usia 14-18 tahun.
Metode. Studi potong lintang dengan menggunakan data sekunder. Kriteria subjek adalah usia 14-18 tahun, memenuhi kriteria obesitas menggunakan kurva CDC 2000, tidak menggunakan obat anti-obesitas atau anti-oksidan, serta informed consent telah diperoleh. Data asupan total kalori dan jenis makronutrien diperoleh menggunakan kuesioner 24-hour food recall.
Hasil. Sebanyak 69 subjek masuk dalam penelitian ini. Nilai rerata IMT semua subjek adalah 33,76 kg/m2. Dengan menggunakan nilai tersebut sebagai cut-off, subjek dibagi dalam dua kelompok yakni kelompok derajat obesitas 1 (IMT kurang dari nilai rerata) sebanyak 35 subjek dan derajat obesitas 2 (IMT lebih dari nilai rerata) sebanyak 34 subjek. Tidak terdapat perbedaan rerata total asupan kalori yang signifikan antara kelompok derajat obesitas 1 (1950 ± 487,77) dan derajat obesitas 2 (2140 ± 2140,30), p=0,135. Jenis makronutrien yang dikonsumsi, baik itu karbohidrat, lemak, dan protein, juga tidak memengaruhi derajat obesitas secara signifikan.
Kesimpulan. Asupan kalori total dan jenis makronutrien tidak berhubungan dengan derajat obesitas pada remaja usia 14-18 tahun.
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.14238/sp21.3.2019.159-63
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