Kualitas Hidup Anak dengan Hemofilia di Rumah Sakit Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo
Sari
Latar belakang. Hemofilia merupakan salah satu penyakit kronik yang dapat memengaruhi kualitas hidup.
Tujuan. Mengetahui prevalensi, gangguan kualitas hidup, kesesuaian kualitas hidup berdasarkan laporan anak dan laporan orangtua serta pengaruh faktor medis terhadap kualitas hidup anak hemofilia di RSCM.
Metode. Penelitian potong lintang pada pasien hemofilia usia 5-18 tahun di Poliklinik Hematologi Departemen Ilmu Kesehatan Anak RSCM selama September-Desember 2016. Pengisian kuesioner PedsQLTM 4.0 dilakukan dengan wawancara. Faktor risiko dianalisis secara multivariat.
Hasil. Gangguan kualitas hidup menurut laporan anak 52,9% (rerata 64,37±11,75) dan menurut orangtua 60,8% (rerata 64,37±13,87) dari total 102 anak hemofilia. Dimensi yang paling terganggu adalah dimensi fisik menurut kelompok 5-7 tahun, sedangkan menurut kelompok 8-18 tahun adalah dimensi fisik dan sekolah. Terdapat ketidaksesuaian antara laporan kualitas hidup anak dan orangtua pada kelompok usia 5-7 tahun. Kekakuan sendi merupakan faktor risiko terjadinya gangguan kualitas hidup menurut laporan anak (p=0,005, RP 4,335, IK 95% 1,550-12,126) dan orangtua (p=0,04, RP 2,902, IK 95% 1,052-8,007).
Kesimpulan. Terdapat 52,9% (laporan anak) dan 60,8% (laporan orangtua) anak hemofilia yang kualitas hidupnya terganggu. Kekakuan sendi merupakan faktor yang paling memengaruhi kualitas hidup. Untuk menilai kualitas hidup anak usia 5-7 tahun diperlukan laporan anak dan orangtuanya, sedangkan anak usia 8-18 tahun cukup laporan anak atau orangtua saja.
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.14238/sp21.2.2019.73-80
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