Perbandingan Keamanan Aminofilin dan Kafein pada Bayi Prematur dengan Apne Prematuritas
Sari
Latar belakang. Apne berulang sering terjadi pada bayi prematur. Kejadian ini dapat menimbulkan hipoksemia dan bradikardi , bila keadaannya semakin memburuk maka membutuhkan resusitasi dengan ventilasi tekanan positif. Obat golongan metilxantin (kafein dan teofilin) telah digunakan untuk mencegah apne.
Tujuan. Untuk mengetahui efek dan keamanan kafein dibandingkan teofilin pada bayi preamtur dengan periodik apne.
Metode. Penelusuran pustaka database elektronik : Pubmed, Cochrane, dan Highwire
Hasil. Hasil telaah sistematis menunjukkan kejadian takikardia dan intoleransi minum lebih sedikit pada kelompok kafein dengan Relative Risk (RR) 0,17; 95 % Interval kepercayaan (IK) 0,04, 0,72; risk difference (RD) -0,29; 95 % IK -0,47, - 0,10. Studi klinis acak mendapatkan Tidak ada hubungan bermakna antara dosis pemberian kafein dan aminofilin pada konsentrasi plasma keduanya, kecuali pada kelompok kafein pada hari tertentu.
Kesimpulan. Aminofilin dan kafein memiliki efektivitas yang sama dalam mengatasi apne pada bayi prematur. Efek toksisitas kafein lebih rendah dibandingkan aminofilin.
Kata Kunci
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.14238/sp19.2.2017.108-13
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